As I noted in Part I of this post, Debbie Zacarian recently challenged us to support “ELs Living With Trauma, Violence, and Chronic Stress by implementing routine structures and an empathetic approach.  Protocols and structures like the ones I described…

“We woke to the sound of guns.”  That’s how one of my students started a personal narrative in which she described getting fired on by rebel soldiers while she was living in a refugee camp in the Congo.  If you’ve…